Tissue engineering of tissues in complex hydrogels using three-dimensional electrical and magnetic stimulation

Tissue engineering of fully functional complex tissues and organs is a challenge in regenerative medicine. With 3D printing techniques, it is already possible to generate structures that are at least morphologically similar to those of organs. In the present project, a more cell-sparing approach is being pursued, with which cell growth is specifically influenced under the influence of magnetic and electric fields. The "proof of concept" will be the intestinal wall. For this purpose, a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) is being developed in which complex three-dimensional direct and alternating fields of different strengths are generated by combining micro- and nano-components and act on the cells. The aim is to ensure that the nerve and muscle cells used, or their precursor cells, are correctly oriented histologically and grow together to form a functional tissue unit.